1. Context

The protection of surface water as a source of drinking water has become an important issue for society. The complete water cycle is an essential part of long-term water resource management, requiring the protection of surface water from persistent pollutant compounds, the latter being difficult to remove and/or toxic.

The effects of certain pollutants can be :

• Acute type (referred to as "acute toxicity"): exposure to a toxic substance, over a short period of time and in high doses,...