6. Direct injection engines

6.1 Open-chamber motors

Open chambers are not very deep and have a diameter close to the engine bore. This type of chamber is found on the largest diesel engines, with bores ranging from 1 m to around 200 mm, and rated speeds from 50 to 1,500 rpm.

These engines are available both in 4-stroke cycle, where pme can reach 22 bar or more, and in 2-stroke cycle, where pme is limited to 18 bar due to the higher thermal load.

With this type of chamber, the mixing of air and fuel takes place solely as a result of...