1. Space nuclear systems for power generation

1.1 Generating electricity in space

Electricity generation in space is essential to power satellites, orbital vehicles, stations, exploration probes, surface exploration rovers and future lunar or planetary bases.

In space, solar photovoltaic (PV) and nuclear power are the only options for providing sufficient electrical power over long periods. Chemical energy is not an option, as its energy density is far too low.

With launch costs proportional to mass, and the power source tending to be the heaviest piece of equipment on any spacecraft, there is a strong incentive to adopt the technology that offers the highest power-to-weight ratio. This incentive to achieve the highest possible power-to-weight ratio of the space electric generator...