4. Effects of co-firing
4.1 Combustion quality
Controlling the aerodynamics of the flame is essential for good combustion. Typically, a recirculation zone is created near the burner to maintain a high-temperature zone, with good mixing and sufficient residence time for the fuel. It is in this zone that volatile matter is emitted. If the moisture content of the biomass added is reasonable, as is its particle size, the range of combustion stability (flame retention) can be extended by increasing the volatile matter content. This has a positive effect on plant operation.
However, depending on the coal/biomass pair chosen and their respective proportions, burner behavior can vary greatly. A combination of lean coal (low volatile content) and biomass with a high volatile content is preferred,...
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Effects of co-firing
Conclusion
Bibliography
Websites
Biomass Combustion and Co-firing task of the IEA Bioenergy Agreement, IEA Task 32. Co-firing activities and databases of existing plants http://www.ieabcc.nl
Events
European Conferences on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, biennial event in Portugal http://www.cenertec.pt/infub/
European Biomass Conference, annual http://www.conference-biomass.com/
Regulations
Directive 2008/1/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC Directive) OJEU n° L 24 of January 29, 2008.
Directive no. 2001/80/EC of 10/23/01 on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants (GIC directive known as "LGP" for Large Combustion Plants) OJEC no. L 309 of November 27, 2001.
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