1. Drawing errors
These mainly concern the reinforcement of the structure.
1.1 Vacuum thrusts
This is a fairly widespread error that can be observed, for example, at the corner of 2 walls of a buried structure.
Any tensioned curved reinforcement exerts a thrust F/R on the concrete in its plane and towards its concavity (F: tensile force – R: radius of curvature). The steel therefore tends to push the concrete towards the center of the concavity. Such an arrangement should therefore be avoided (figure 1 a).
Simply creating a gusset plate will not improve the situation. Anchoring along a wall using a square return is also not recommended, as the...
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Drawing errors
Defects in performance
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