2. First Bitcoin blockchain

2.1 General description

This blockchain, whose protocol is named Bitcoin (like the corresponding cryptocurrency), records transactions on a distributed, secure and transparent database. These transactions form the basis of blockchain operation, informing the exchange of values in bitcoin cryptocurrency, and are propagated across the network formed by peers (it comprises thousands of servers), known as network nodes. The technology comprises a system (figure 1 ):

• peer-to-peer value transmission, with no central control body and no traditional trusted third party;

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