5. Conclusion

Characterizing the energy performance of buildings requires the explicit implementation of an interdisciplinary methodological framework adapted to the complexity of buildings.

In addition, the search for performance must be carried out with an energy diagnostic tailored to each building. Each diagnosis is a research project carried out with an analytical and systemic approach that aims to know in order to act, by identifying the causes of a situation, and then the actions to be taken. This diagnosis can only be carried out by mobilizing advanced knowledge of built ecosystems.

Numerical approaches can help the diagnostician if he or she is familiar with their development and quality, and understands their limitations and areas of application. In all cases, it is essential to compare digital models and simulations, approaches and experience...