1. European vehicle manufacturers

All European manufacturers include ACEA sequences in their engine oil specifications (cf. article ). Most also require a minimum API level, particularly for markets outside Europe. They almost always add specific requirements in the form of minimum performance levels to be met in physical-chemical, mechanical and engine tests. In some cases (Scania LDF, Volvo VDS-3 ), this may extend to 240,000 to 300,000 km of testing on commercial vehicles in real-life service.

Until 2000, the most widely followed specifications were those of Volkswagen for light vehicles, and those...