4. Conclusion

Understanding and controlling the parameters conditioning chip formation is a difficult art, in which basic physical phenomena must not be overlooked.

Chip formation is the result of a multidisciplinary physical problem.

The intense stresses experienced by the cutting tool and material are directly conditioned by the effect of thermomechanical loading. This in turn depends on the mechanical characteristics of the material being machined, as well as on operating conditions (kinematics, operating parameters, type of assistance and operating conditions, etc.). Thus, an important step in machining consists in integrating the influence (see table of notations) :

• thermomechanical loading (e.g: γ, $\stackrel{·}{\gamma }$...