11. Glossary

3d transition ions; 3d transition ions

Chemical elements whose electronic sublayer d is incomplete or whose cations may have such a sublayer. 3d cations are therefore positively charged ions (from + 1 to + 8) with electronic configuration [Ar]3d ⁿ (0 < n < 10) obtained from elements with atomic number 21 (scandium) to 29 (copper) or 30 (zinc) according to the definitions.

lanthanide ions; lanthanide ions

Elements with atomic numbers 57 (lanthanum) to 71 (lutecium), 15 in number. Their most stable oxidation state is + III, although some of them can easily be obtained in the + II (Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb) or + IV (Ce, Pr, Tb) states. This series of elements is commonly divided into two parts: the high-ionic-radius "ceric" lanthanides (from cerium to europium) and the low-ionic-radius...