1. Electromagnetic study of superconductors, critical state model
To explain and understand the behavior of a superconducting wire, it is essential to have a macroscopic electromagnetic model. With Maxwell's equations verified, all we need are the relationships between induction ( B ) and magnetic field (H ) on the one hand, and electric field ( E ) and current density (J ) on the other.
1.1 Relation B (H )
The model we're looking for is a macroscopic one. We are therefore only interested in the average induction through the material and not in the local induction, at the microscopic level of the vortexes. The relationship between mean induction B and magnetic field H is shown in figure
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Electromagnetic study of superconductors, critical state model
Superconductor magnetization with critical current density
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