6. Conclusion

After a century of existence, aeronautical wind tunnels remain an important, indeed strategic, tool, both industrially for aircraft development and scientifically for the study of flow physics. They enable us to carry out in-depth studies of flows, in a controlled environment and in complete safety, using a wide range of measurement techniques, as outlined above. Numerical simulations, which have undergone significant development due to the exponential increase in computing power to date, are now an equally important tool. Today, these two methods are used in complementary ways in aerospace development. These developments are essential if we are to meet the challenge of reducing the pollution caused by aviation, and in particular greenhouse gas emissions.