5. Observation camera focal planes

In this section, we present a few examples of the focal planes of cameras used for space imaging from observation satellites. This mission mainly concerns the perception of contours and the determination of the physical and biological characteristics of scenes observed on the Earth's surface. The instruments developed must therefore have high spatial resolution (of the order of a few meters), but also excellent stability so as not to degrade image resolution and distortion.

Recognition of the terrestrial "object" is achieved by measuring the luminous flux diffused or radiated by this object in various judiciously selected spectral bands. Remote sensing shows that each species, whether mineral or plant, is characterized by its spectral reflectance curve, also known as the spectral signature of the observed scene. Figure