2. Physical models

All fluid mechanics problems are governed by equations that are analytically insoluble in most cases. When we add the problems associated with sediment transport, the mechanisms are even more complex. Model tests are still a very interesting way of finding solutions, acquiring data and verifying calculations.

The scale model technique is based on similarity rules, i.e. on dimensional analysis. These rules make it possible to design and operate the model (value Model – Mod), but also to transpose the results obtained to reality (value Nature – Nat; we also find the vocabulary of prototype).

For a hydraulic model, the gravity constant, water density and kinematic viscosity are constant between model and nature.

As a complement to this article, the authors suggest a series of books on the subject of physical hydraulic...