1. Consequences and challenges of global change in urban environments
1.1 Urban densification: impact on housing and soil sealing
Urban centers are home to more and more people: 70% of Europeans now live in cities, and this figure is set to rise to over 80% by the middle of the 21st century. XXI e century. This corresponds to 36 million new inhabitants who will have to be accommodated in already highly constrained spaces, implying a change of development model. Until the early 2000s, urban growth was characterized by urban sprawl, with the consumption of space outstripping the rate of demographic growth. This pattern is now largely a thing of the past, and we now speak of "urban densification". More and more redevelopment projects are being carried out as part of a process of rebuilding...
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Consequences and challenges of global change in urban environments
Different types of blue and green infrastructure IBV
Bibliography
Software tools
Multi-Hydro https://hmco.enpc.fr
SWMM https://www.epa.gov
Envi-met http://www.envi-met.com
Websites
Teaching materials for blue and green infrastructures http://hmco-enpc.wix.com
Restoring and enhancing nature in the city http://www.nature-en-ville.com
Standards and norms
Professional rules for green roofs and terraces, 2007
- Building work — Waterproofing flat and pitched roofs with load-bearing masonry elements in lowland climates - NF P 84-204-1-1, DTU 43.1 - 2004
Regulations
Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds, now Directive 2009/147/EC (more commonly known as the Birds Directive) of November 30, 2009.
Council Directive 92/43/EEC of May 21, 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
Directive no. 2000/60/EC of 10/23/00 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy....
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
Organisme professionnel de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics OPPBT http://www.oppbt.fr
Association des façades et toitures végétalisées ADIVET http://www.adivet.net/
Laboratories...
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