1. Current solutions

1.1 Telecommunications overview

Advances in electronics and the penetration of IT applications (Internet, mobile telephony in particular) have fundamentally altered the telecommunications landscape over the last thirty years. In particular, the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) imposes a variety of constraints on communications, constraints that are not always reconcilable (data rate and energy, for example). We can distinguish several types of context for wireless communications that address a very large number of objects with specific optimization objectives; without being exhaustive, we count (figure 2 ):

• cellular networks, from GSM to LTE-advanced,...