2. Illustration of the various concepts: transport system engineering

To put the concepts described above into concrete terms, let's take the example of a city in an emerging country that is developing rapidly and wants to have a solution to make the transport of its inhabitants more fluid, and let's look at the main activities of the systems engineer in developing such a solution.

The need expressed here is to improve transport fluidity within the city. The city's transport system (the target system of intervention for the engineering activity) is part of a wider system (contextual system) which is the transport system of the country, the region, as well as wider systems - energy, industrial, financial, etc. These systems form the environment of the target system and must be taken into account in terms of incoming and outgoing flows (the station of a national network). These systems form the target system's environment, and need...