2. Optical gyrometry

2.1 Problem definition

Let's consider a physics observer aboard a laboratory (or vehicle) in motion relative to absolute space. There are two ways of measuring the instantaneous rotation of this laboratory: rational mechanics and optics.

• Rational mechanics: through the existence of inertial forces (centrifugal, gyroscopic), this path leads to the realization of mechanical gyrometers, described by classical laws (Galileo, Newton...).

• Optics: the influence of laboratory rotation (and consequently of the instruments used) on instrument-light interaction has led to the development of fiber-optic gyrometers and laser gyrometers.

  The physical laws used to understand...