1. Real-time image acquisition and processing chain

1.1 Acquisition and storage

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1.1.1 CCD cameras

Image acquisition using CCD (charge coupled device) cameras is based on two principles. The first concerns the electro-optical properties of the material used (silicon). The spectral response of silicon, ranging from 400 nm to 1,100 nm, enables it to absorb photons of light from the near-ultraviolet to the infrared.

The second principle concerns CCD technology, introduced in 1970 by Boyle and Smith of Bell Laboratories. CCD devices take the form...