4. Glossary

Metabarcoding; Metabarcoding

Molecular taxonomy technique for genetically characterizing a sample based on a specific gene.

16S/18S rRNA ;

Small subunit of ribosomal RNA in prokaryotes (16S) and eukaryotes (18S), containing a succession of conserved and variable regions enabling bacteria to be identified to species level.

ITS2 (Internal Transcribed Spacer)

Portion of ribosomal DNA located between the small and large subunit genes of ribosomal ribonucleic acid. It is used in the phylogeny of eukaryotes and in the metabarcoding of fungi and cyanobacteria.

4 for 1,000 Initiative

This initiative launched at COP21 (Paris, 2015) aims to show that agriculture, and in particular agricultural soils, can play a crucial role...