13. Below Tg: aging phenomenon
On cooling, the liquid passes into a non-equilibrium state at Tg. At a temperature T < Tg, its structure is apparently frozen in the state it had at Tg. Molecular movements corresponding to α-relaxations are extremely slow, but nevertheless persist. This mobility enables the system to evolve very slowly towards the liquid equilibrium state. In practice, all the physical properties of glass evolve: this is the aging phenomenon. The lower the temperature T, the slower this evolution and the greater the imbalance to be corrected.
In particular, a slow decrease in enthalpy is observed during aging. DSC can be used to measure the effects of this during reheating.
Figure
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Below Tg: aging phenomenon