Concept of Percolation
Percolation of fluid in a porous material - Application to the pathology of constructions

Percolation is an important concept in many scientific fields, including physics, mathematics, and materials science. Percolation theory was initially developed in the 1950s to study the statistical properties of random networks. It has its origins in Flory’s work on polymerization and that of Broadbent and Hammersley on stochastic processes (Table 1 ). In the 1970s, percolation theory saw significant advances with the exploration of phase transitions and critical percolation. Percolation has become a central topic in statistical physics, illustrating universal critical phenomena.