16. Ex situ washing
Another keyword: soil washing
Ex situ washing is the washing of soil with a solvent (usually water) after excavation (figure
16
). This technique transfers pollutants from the soil to the solvent (or aqueous) phase, which is then treated. Soil washing machines are available on the market, but are still very expensive. However, they are less costly than incineration and have applications for certain soil/pollutant configurations.
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Ex situ washing