Overview
ABSTRACT
Materials constituting the various layers of the road are manufactured on the basis of raw materials. The objective is to better respond to the design requirements of roads through manufacturing conditions and appropriate implementation. The layers that constitute the road must, first of all, withstand the repeated actions of traffic loads and in particular heavy goods vehicles (surface wear of the road surface, creep induced rut formation, fatigue of the treated layers etc.). They must also provide the motorist with a good standard of service (adhesion, rolling noise, frequency of maintenance operations). Standardization plays an increasingly important role, as it covers all product applications previously enumerated, and also reconciles points of views that are rarely consistent within the different European countries.
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Jean BERTHIER : Engineer General of Ponts et Chaussées - Honorary Professor, École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées
INTRODUCTION
First of all, pavement layers must withstand the repeated action of rolling loads and, more particularly, those associated with heavy vehicle traffic which, as stated in standard NFP 98-086, result in four types of damage:
"surface wear of the wearing course due to tangential stresses; rutting due to creep of the bound layers under the effect of vertical stresses and tangential stresses; fatigue of the treated layers, caused by their bending under the action of loads; accumulation of permanent deformations at the level of the base or unbound layers".
They must also provide motorists with a good level of service in terms of the following characteristics:
uni ;
adhesion ;
rolling noise ;
frequency of maintenance operations, particularly penalizing in urban and suburban areas.
This article does not deal with the "concrete material" used in the construction of "rigid pavements", as it is dealt with extensively in numerous articles in the "Construction" treatise. This article will therefore be limited, following the terminology of article
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KEYWORDS
cracking | european standard | improved formation | sub-base | surface course | untreated graded aggregate | hydrocarbon material
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