Artificial non-reciprocal time-dependent structures
Non-reciprocal microwave systems

Non-reciprocal time-dependent structures usually involve time modulation and non-linear effects, as in the example above. What's more, they are compatible with integrated technologies, which is not the case with ferrite-based systems, for example. The systems presented here are based on simple LC resonators. These resonators are placed in line or in a ring. Inductances are fixed. Capacitors are variable, controlled in voltage by an external signal.