Produce low-carbon heat for industrial use

France's primary energy consumption will be 2,571 TWh in 2020 (unadjusted for climatic variations). France's actual primary energy mix is made up of 40% nuclear, 28% oil, 16% natural gas, 14% renewables and waste, and 2% coal. With the exception of hydroelectric, photovoltaic and wind power (which together account for 117 TWh), primary energies are first transformed into thermal energy and then, in some cases, into mechanical and electrical energy. The final energy consumed for building, transport and industrial uses is estimated at almost 1,600 TWh annually (year 2020).

In this data sheet, we limit ourselves to strictly industrial thermal uses (excluding electricity generation) for utilities and industrial transformation processes via boilers or furnaces.