Assainissement non collectif

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Assainissement non collectif

Authors : Hervé PHILIP, André RAMBAUD, Jean-Luc VASEL

Publication date: February 10, 2008 | Lire en français

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Overview

ABSTRACT

The development of on-site sanitation systems has accelerated over the last century. Many devices have been developed, with some still in service. This article examines this evolution over time, from a technical as well as regulatory point of view. The regulations governing on-site sanitation (such as decrees governing technical requirements, technical control by municipalities, or the law on water and aquatic environments) is described. The regulatory framework is also presented according to two standards: the “implementation of independent on-site sanitation devices” and “small wastewater treatment systems for up to 50 PT.”

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AUTHORS

  • Hervé PHILIP : Doctor of 3rd cycle - Technical Manager, Eparco Assainissement

  • André RAMBAUD : Professor Emeritus - University of Montpellier I

  • Jean-Luc VASEL : Professor - University of Liège (Belgium)

 INTRODUCTION

In France, non-collective sanitation concerns around 13 million people, and the number of septic tanks in service is estimated at around 5 million. Between 100,000 and 150,000 installations are completed each year, while the total number of installations increases by around 50,000 per year (reference [1] in the [doc. W 6 601] document). The difference between the number of installations and the increase is explained by the removal of old installations, with connection to a sewer network, and by the rehabilitation of pre-existing installations. In the vast majority of cases, a septic tank is used for pre-treatment, and the soil in place, or a substitute filter bed, is used for treatment. Treated effluent is preferably infiltrated on the plot. Where the soil is unsuitable for infiltration, and if health and environmental constraints allow, effluent can also be discharged into the surface water environment, subject to a discharge level.

This document describes the evolution over time of the regulatory and normative context for non-collective sanitation. The following [W 6 602] file presents the hydraulic and biological operating principles of the various pretreatment and treatment techniques, as well as the associated sizing rules.

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