From organizational factors to organizational analysis
Risks in complex systems

The notion of "organizational factors" is too limited and can be misleading. Organizational factors are not primary to organizational reality. They are already a conceptualization, a high-level elaboration. In this way, we don't get to the heart of the problem, which is to move from local, individual or even work-team human factors to an organizational perspective.

It's better to start from organizational reality, from the many "interactions" (decisions, exchanges, actions...) that are part and parcel of the day-to-day activity of staff on the one hand, and, on the other, of the managers and experts who support and advise them. In her analysis of the interactions (discussions, debates, decisions) that led...