4. Properties of case-hardened or carbonitrided parts
Given the important role played by the surfaces of mechanical parts (surface properties determine the resistance of parts to friction, wear and fatigue), we often seek to create surface layers with special properties (particularly high hardness) based on a less brittle (and therefore less hard) core, giving the part as a whole an exceptional combination of properties (resistance to friction, wear, fatigue and toughness).
The following macrostructure is therefore frequently encountered in mechanical engineering:
a surface layer, generally of high hardness (≈ 700 HV or more), in which the material is subjected to high residual compressive stresses (several hundred MPa); the thickness of this layer can vary from 0.1 to several millimeters;
a core, the...
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Properties of case-hardened or carbonitrided parts
Standardization and specifications
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