Conclusion
X-ray emission spectrometry. X-ray fluorescence

X-ray emission spectrometry techniques, and in particular those using fluorescence excitation, are well suited to the qualitative and quantitative elemental chemical analysis of virtually all materials, natural or artificial, including museum objects (see, for example, [7] , p. 413-81) and architectural elements, as well as many chemical or biological products, particularly plants [69][70] . They can now be used to measure traces, and are increasingly used in biology, medicine and pollution studies.

These techniques are making constant progress [71][72][73]...