Materials for cutting tools. Numerical data in turning

Overview

ABSTRACT

It is very difficult to give numerical values for the use of a tool in a material. These can be strongly influenced by the ma-chining environment, e.g. shock, a long part with little diameter, etc.Therefore, the numerical values collected in this article are basic turning data when the tool operation is not disturbed by the environment. Wherever possible, a range of data is given. The proposed minimum value must be respected absolutely (do not go below it); the maximum value can be reduced, for example to increase the tool life.

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AUTHOR

François BAGUR : Self-employed – Consultant and trainer in machining engineering since 1987, Aulnay (17), France

INTRODUCTION

The first step to be taken by the machinist is to check the tool's qualification with regard to the material and the machining case. All the following numerical data apply to qualified tools.

These data are available for the main materials used by machinists. There are many other materials for which cutting parameters are available.

Materials on offer include non-alloyed multi-R _m steels, low-alloyed multi-R _m steels, ferritic, martensitic and austenitic stainless steels, GG and GGG cast irons, 2000, 6000 and 7000 series aluminum alloys, Inconel 718 nickel-based refractory alloys, grade 5 titanium alloys (TiAl6V).

Note: for some tool technologies, it is impossible to give default values for tool use. Each tool is a special case that needs to be studied individually. Only those technologies for which it is possible to specify values are covered.

In order to obtain stable and repeatable machining conditions, it is advisable to select the parameters depth of cut (ap) and feed per revolution (f) within a range commonly referred to as the "chip control zone". This zone is regularly truncated by a maximum cutting cross-section (AD _max ) not to be exceeded (figure 1 ).

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