4. Critical current or current density
In a resistive conductor, the current is limited by the Joule effect. In a superconductor, since the current doesn't heat up the material, it could theoretically be infinite. Limits do exist (critical current or current density), but they are generally much higher than those of copper, making superconducting materials formidable electrical conductors.
The transport current is the current imposed by the external circuit.
4.1 Type I superconductors
The notion of critical current derives directly from the critical field. The critical current is the current that produces the critical field at the surface of the material. This is Silsbee's rule. Applied to a cylindrical wire with no external field, this rule gives the critical current as :
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Critical current or current density
Irreversibility field
References
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