1. A little history

Mathematical morphology was originally developed at the École des Mines de Paris. It is essentially based on the work of G. Matheron in the 1960s-1970s, then on that of J. Serra and his team at the Centre de morphologie mathématique, now headed by F. Meyer. Since these early developments, the field has taken on an international dimension, with several teams working on it.

Originally developed for the study of porous materials, mathematical morphology now finds applications in many fields of image processing, both 2D and 3D, in biology and quantitative cytology, medical imaging, aerial and satellite imaging, robotics and computer vision, industrial non-destructive testing, and studies of documents and works of art. Outside the field of image processing, applications can be found in data analysis, on data represented by graphs, hypergraphs, fuzzy sets, etc., in logic,...