1. Characteristics of an oxygen-carrying material
1.1 Selection criteria
Ideally, an oxygen-carrying material should have the following characteristics:
1) Be responsive to desired reactions;
2) Withstand sometimes high temperatures;
3) Have sufficient mechanical strength not to degrade when circulating in reactors;
4) Do not allow carbon deposits to form on its surface;
5) Not be costly either when obtained or when used in the process;
6) Comply with health, safety and environmental requirements;
7) Be inert to traces of impurities that fuels may contain.
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Be responsive to desired reactions
Oxygen-carrying...
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Characteristics of an oxygen-carrying material
Methods for producing oxygen-carrying materials
Bibliography
Websites
The Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) provides online access to a global economic database on minerals and metals.
http://www.mineralinfo.fr/page/be3m
FactSage is a program for generating phase diagrams through direct access to databases. Readers may wish to refer to the publication by Bale et al...
Standards and norms
Standard Test Method for Single Pellet Crush Strength of Formed Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers ASTM D4179, 2011.
Standard test method for determination of attrition of FFC catalysts by air jets ASTM D5757, 2011.
Patents
Process for Production of Hydrogen US 1078686 A
Process of producing hydrogen US 971206 A
Chemical loop combustion process using pyrolusite as an oxidation-reduction mass EP 2551587 A2
Statistical and economic data
Mineral commodity summaries. U.S. Geological Survey, ISBN 978–1–4113–4011–4 (2016).
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