2. Some paradoxes of automation

However, it has to be said that the technical reliability gains achieved (through automation) have not always been reflected, as might have been expected, in the overall reliability of the system. This is essentially due to the emphasis placed on the technical reliability of components. Indeed, the real increase in technical reliability in complex systems has given significant weight to human "errors", which have then been seen as the main cause of variability and/or malfunctions. These developments bring to light a number of automation paradoxes that have already been pointed out for many years [2][3][25][28]