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Material reversibility refers to the ability of a flow to return to a functional state after transformation, without loss of purity or formation of mixtures that are difficult to separate. Natural cycles (CHNOPS) provide a model based on reversible transformations and efficient looping. Industrial processes diverge when physical, chemical, or structural dissipations occur.This article proposes a diagnostic method to identify irreversibilities, compares several materials, and defines design conditions that promote separability, recoverable purity, and the limitation of irreversible transformations. Dedicated indicators complement existing approaches.
Additive Manufacturing (AM) has grown considerably in recent years. The gradual transition from prototyping activities to direct manufacturing of functional parts undermines traditional methods of design and manufacturing based on conventional methods. This article focuses on the different AM technologies and fields of use throughout product life cycles. Various industrial applications are described through examples from the advanced technology sector.
The development of digital tools has allowed the deployment of concurrent engineering, and minimized the needs for prototypes, thereby reducing time-to-market.Competitiveness now requires companies to better integrate the needs of all business functions, from manufacturing to after-sales, in the process of design and evolution of their products. Computer applications, previously structured in silos, must move on to a global, holistic approach to reach the performance required. The objective of product life-cycle management (PLM) is to improve the overall process of product development in the company, with strong supplier involvement.
Batch processes produce high value-added compounds in multiproduct and multiobjective facilities. Their efficiency relies on the integrated management of design, planning, and scheduling. This article outlines the specific features of such processes in the pharmaceutical industry (recipes, campaigns, storage, performance criteria). It highlights the complexity of discrete decision-making and presents modular platforms using continuous flow chemistry as a flexible alternative that combines quality with environmental sustainability.
In order to exist and ensure its long-term survival, if not its very survival, every company needs to maintain recurring activities and new activities in the form of research and development projects leading to the production and/or exploitation of products. Business management, project management, facility management and product use all generate risks, due to the hazards inherent in the management process. Whether these risks are positive (also known as speculative), i.e. voluntarily taken as a result of hoped-for gains, or negative as a result of harm caused or suffered, depends essentially on the nature of the activity concerned and the maturity of management. We can consider that they are likely to influence all or part of the process, and ultimately its objectives.
This article presents the new tools introduced mainly in Standards 1101 and 5459 since 2011 (specific tolerance zones, datum at least material condition, deviation in datum systems, duplication, contacting features, situation features) with examples showing their scope and uses.Some concepts due to be published soon are presented, showing the limits and additions that must be made to meet industrial needs.
Eco-design is an approach aiming at reducing the environmental impact of goods, services and manufacturing processes at each step of their life cycles. It is identified as one of the levers that companies can use to fight climate change and reduce negative environmental impacts linked to their products, services or processes. Due to its implementation specificities, ecodesign may contribute to the organization’s innovation capacity and management modernization. This article introduces the concept of ecodesign, the specifics of the approach as well as the key elements for a successful implementation.
Whereas the industrial design contributes to the serial production of objects, the sensory design is dedicated to the perception that the consumer will have of the object, space and process. This mastery of the perception of the object requires upstream participation in the design, in particular to the drafting of the specifications or the identification of the qualitative performances of the object by marketing, ergonomics and quality analysis specialists. This article presents this discipline which reflects one of the evolutions of the industrial design through a brief historical survey followed by the review of founding and associated disciplines. It then explains the activity field of sensory design as well as all the processes and other tools and aspects of this innovative know-how
CATIA is the essential computer-aided design (CAD) platform for mechanical engineering. Whether in the aerospace (Boeing, Airbus...) or automotive (Renault, Peugeot, DaimlerChrysler...) sectors, CATIA has established itself as the benchmark modeler for product design.
Patents currently constitute the best living encyclopedia. They thus constitute a critical documentary fund for companies, but also for researchers and research laboratories. Therefore, patent monitoring is a necessity.Currently many patent sources are available, the majority of them being free, with obviously particularities due to the indexing or coverage of these sources. On the other hand, the number of patents being in strong growth, the user finds himself comforted by a growing number of notices which has led to the development of computerized analytical processing.In this article we present a set of sources (mostly free) as well as examples of patent corpus analysis. From this set we then show how patent information can be effectively used in Technology Watch.
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