1. History

Like "invention", "innovation" is an ancient term, originating in the 13th century, the two being synonyms characterized by creation and novelty. However, the notion of innovation has evolved considerably over the years. It has been progressively enriched and transformed, especially during the 19th century.

Broadly speaking, there are two historical approaches:

• economist since the origins of the industrial revolution;

• in the last decades of the 20th century.