1. Design challenges: an ever-expanding scope

When it comes to product design, industrial issues are still the most structured, studied and monitored (by governments, international organizations and companies), but today, in the most advanced societies, they must be taken into account alongside economic, social and environmental issues. Increasingly, the product must be part of a win-win game, anticipating problems involving a large number of players.

In fact, the number of stakeholders involved in product design is constantly increasing, as are their demands. As far as users are concerned, we will of course be talking about direct users, i.e. those who, at one point or another in the life cycle, have consensual contact with the product (cf.