2. Current skills challenges

The rapid spread of digital and Internet technologies in France has manifested itself in three distinct phases.

• Years 1990/2000

  They were those of the emergence of the Internet, with the integration into our environment of the infrastructure and foundations of this technology. This first era did not give rise to any significant transformations, due to its invisible and underground nature, which was nonetheless indispensable.

• Years 2000/2010

  More recently, they have been those of technological implementation, in other words, the setting up of superstructures which have resulted in, on the one hand, the considerable expansion of sites (Internet-intranet-extranet) with the formalization of the extended enterprise, and on the other hand,...