3. Outlook

3.1 GAFA and the operating system (OS) of mobility

There are five or six major piston manufacturers in the world for several dozen carmakers. Although the piston is essential and particularly difficult to produce on a large scale, the automakers nevertheless retain a dominant position in the value chain. With Automotive Grade Linux, Android Auto, CarPlay for Apple and probably Baidu, Foxconn or HarmonyOS (Huawei's OS), there will probably be few world-class operating system (OS) suppliers. For the moment, they're all from American or Asian manufacturers, and none from Europe. An operating system (OS) is a set of programs that directs the use of a computer's resources by software. It receives requests from application software to use the computer's resources – memory storage resources...