Composite materials: overview

An important section of this "Plastics and Composites" treatise is devoted to reinforced plastics, i.e. materials consisting of an organic matrix containing fibers often optimally distributed to ensure maximum strength in the direction of greatest stress.

We can therefore assume that the analysis of their behavior and the prediction of their properties will involve the characteristics of the matrix, those of the fibers, interface problems and manufacturing conditions. The mechanical properties of composites are highly dependent on the type, distribution, ratio, length, diameter and sizing of the fibers used. However, mechanical, electrical, chemical, photochemical and thermal properties are largely affected by those of the matrix (in particular by transition and melting temperatures for thermoplastics), the shorter the fiber and the lower its proportion.

A good knowledge of reinforced plastics must therefore be based on a good knowledge of reinforcements and matrices.