4. Moulds

The molds used for the injection production of parts in thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers are made of metal; for descriptions of the various components, cavity feed systems and a study of the phenomena associated with material flow, the reader is referred to the following articles and of this treaty [13] .

In order to study the dangerous situations encountered when using molds and the safety measures to be observed, we describe the most frequent configurations below:

• molds for horizontal presses (horizontal clamping unit and injection unit) generally made up of two half-molds; material is injected through the element mounted and centered on the fixed platen;

• molds for vertical...