2. Fraud typology and scope

The causes of fraud and delinquency are varied, and it is no longer possible to examine them solely from an individual angle: fraud can be committed by a lone individual, but also increasingly by a multi-disciplinary team, or even by powerful mafia organizations.

There are several categories of fraud:

• frequency fraud, regularly deducting small amounts from means of payment or current consumption;

• Fraud of rare severity, but with a strong financial and image impact for those affected (industries, markets, services);

• protean cyberfraud to be constantly monitored, with each response leading to a transformation in the practices of the manipulators.