1. Principle

In the case of Gassy reactions, the behavior observed on an industrial scale is as follows (figure 1 ).

Gases are emitted into the enclosure, causing a gradual increase in pressure. When the vent opening pressure is reached, pressure builds up and the vent opens, allowing a return to normal process pressure, especially if the shut-off device is a rupture disk. The reaction mixture is not drawn into the vent, as there is little gas included in the liquid. However, the temperature rises in line with the rate of heat production as the reaction goes into overdrive. Gas production increases and eventually drags the liquid into the vent, causing a pressure spike in the enclosure, the size of which depends on the maximum gas...