3. Conclusion

The use of microalgae is currently considered as one of the strategies for meeting the major challenges of sustainable liquid biofuel production. The process is based on the photosynthetic biological production of energy reserve molecules (mainly lipids, triglycerides or carbohydrates, and in some cases, excreted hydrocarbons). Specific growth conditions are required to enhance this production (nitrogen deficiency or limitation for TAGs), coupled with recovery of the metabolites of interest using a biorefinery approach adapted to the particularities of this particular bioresource (high dilution in water, micrometric cells, compounds of interest often located in the intracellular medium). This requires reasoning across all stages of the production chain, from cultivation to recovery of the target molecules.

The implementation of efficient integrated processes is...