4. Perspectives and conclusions
Whether traditional, with fermented foods, or modern, with the advent of genetic engineering, biotechnologies play an important role in our society. Although advances in biology have been improving techniques and making them highly effective since 1900, it wasn't until 1970 that the rise of molecular biology revolutionized biotechnology. Since then, biotechnologies have been used in the health and food sectors, as well as in agriculture and the environment.
The mastery of cell culture techniques, combined with genetic engineering and computer technology, enabled biotechnology to reach an industrial dimension, with processes characterized by mass production of products of consistent quality. Today, the biotechnology industry comprises three main sectors: green biotechnology concerns agri-food products, red biotechnology develops and produces drugs, and white biotechnology...
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Perspectives and conclusions
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Economic data
In 2005, global biotech sales amounted to just over 63 billion US dollars for some 4,500 companies.
In Europe, the main biotech innovators are the UK, Germany, France, Sweden, Switzerland and Denmark. European companies, numbering 1,600, employ around 40,000 people and are concentrated in 18 countries. They generate global sales of 11.5 billion US dollars, or 16% of the biotech market, 5 times less...
Websites
http://www.europabio.org/ (European association promoting innovation in biotechnologies and bio-industries)
http://www.france-biotech.org/ (French association of biotechnology companies and their partners)
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