2. Methodology for numerical simulation of the MAG welding process

2.1 A reminder of the MAG welding process

Along with MIG (Metal Inert Gas), MAG (Metal Active Gas) is one of the electric arc welding processes using a filler metal combined with a gas to protect the molten metal. These processes, also known as GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding), use a continuous fusible wire as electrode and filler metal (figure 2 ).

The MAG welding process uses gas mixtures of argon or helium, with the addition of carbon dioxide or oxygen. The gas mixture, whose primary function is to protect the molten bath from the atmosphere, influences filler metal transfer, arc stability, as well as penetration, fluidity and lateral wetting of the molten zone....