3. Spindle
3.1 Definition and constitution
A machine tool spindle is a shaft to which bearings remove five degrees of freedom; the sixth – spindle rotation – is removed by the power control (figure 5 ).
This definition obviously applies to any rotating shaft. However, the machine tool spindle differs from other shafts in that the power output is achieved through the formation of chips. The input power, minus losses, corresponds to the power required to separate particles of material (chips) from a workpiece.
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