5. Conclusion and outlook

The deposition of molecules on surfaces is a rapidly expanding field. After a great deal of work, deposition and characterization techniques are now well mastered. Thanks to advances in instrumentation, it is now possible to identify the structure of molecules and reaction intermediates. These efforts have made it possible to describe new synthetic mechanisms for obtaining molecules that would have been impossible to synthesize off the surface. What's more, the physical properties of certain nano-objects, such as graphene nano-ribbons or conductive polymers, are increasingly well controlled thanks to new elaboration and characterization methods.

Nevertheless, the development of commercially viable devices is still some way off. In fact, micro-nano electronics manufacturing techniques are making constant progress and, above all, three important steps need to be taken...