4. Single-phase heat transfer
Most of the literature deals with the problem of increasing the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. This first step is certainly necessary, and the approach is consistent with the aim of intensifying heat transfer through the use of nanofluids. However, in order to truly assess the benefits of nanofluids in thermal applications, the heat exchange coefficient (in the case of forced convection) and pressure drop need to be considered.
4.1 Forced convection heat transfer
This type of heat transfer is characterized by the heat exchange coefficient h of the flowing fluid (expressed in W · m –2 · K –1 ). This exchange coefficient depends on the fluid flow regime, represented...
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Single-phase heat transfer
Phase change nanofluids
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